Viseu, Portugal
Viseu Cathedral is the Catholic bishopric seat of the city of Viseu, in Portugal. The church begun getting designed in the 12th century and is the most crucial historic monument of the town. It is presently a blend of architectural types, especially from the Manueline, Renaissance and Mannerist intervals.
The cathedral is found on a massive and harmonious square, beside the previous Bishop’s Palace (now the Grão Vasco Museum) and in front of the Misericórdia Church of Viseu.
Background
Archaeological surveys have indicated that the web-site of Viseu Cathedral was occupied by an Early Christian basilica developed through the times of Sueve domination (5th-6th centuries).
Christian lifestyle in the city was disturbed in the 8th century with the arrival of Moorish invaders, who dominated Viseu till Ferdinand I of León reconquered it in 1058. The bishopric seat was reestablished in the mid-12th century when the present-day cathedral building started off getting erected, but tiny remains from this early Romanesque setting up other than for some architectural particulars.
The church was enormously enlarged in the subsequent generations of the Center Ages, assuming its existing configuration as a 3-aisled creating with three Japanese chapels. Some Gothic chapels in the cloisters also date from this period.
From an inventive stage of check out, the most essential developing campaigns took location in the 16th century. Bishop Diogo Ortiz de Vilhena encharged architect João de Castilho with the building of the stone roof of the church and a new façade, which have been finished all-around 1513. Day from this time the rib vaulting of the aisles with decorative ribs in the condition of twisted ropes and knots, a masterpiece of the Manueline style.
Close to 1539, bishop Miguel da Silva entrusted the creating of a new cloister to Italian architect Francisco da Cremona, who made a great Renaissance composition.
Also in the 1st fifty percent of the 16th century, the cathedral was enriched with various sequence of painted altarpieces commissioned to foremost artists of the time, the most celebrated of which was Vasco Fernandes. These altarpieces were later on disassembled but can be viewed currently in the Grão Vasco Museum, situated beside the cathedral.
The old Gothic primary chapel was changed by a new one in the early 17th century. In 1635, a tower and the Manueline design portal were being destroyed through a storm, and a new 1 was entrusted to Salamanca architect João Moreno. The latest façade, in the shape of a Mannerist altarpiece, dates from this time. In the Baroque period of time, the cathedral was enriched with an organ, pulpits, altarpieces and tiles (azulejos).
Artwork & ARCHITECTURE
Viseu Cathedral is a Latin cross church with a three-aisled nave, transept and a few Japanese chapels. The principal façade is flanked by two towers. The outer, lateral walls of the church have a hefty, menacing appearance, standard of Portuguese mediaeval cathedrals, remaining partially decorated with merlons.
The South (clock) tower is continue to of mediaeval origin, even though the North tower had to be rebuilt in the 17th century soon after a storm. The storm also wrecked the Manueline façade, which was rebuilt close to 1635. The 3-storey façade resembles a Mannerist altarpiece and is embellished with niches harbouring statues of the 4 Evangelists, as very well as the Holy Mary and Saint Theotonius.
In the interior, all aisles are of roughly equal peak, resembling a hall church. The stone rib vaulting is supported by significant pillars and was designed among 1505 and 1513, is an fantastic instance of Manueline architecture. Some ribs of the roof (lines) are formed like twisted ropes and knots, typical Manueline attractive motifs.
The key chapel was rebuilt in Mannerist design and style and attributes a gilt-woodwork Baroque-Rococo altarpiece designed by famed sculptor Santos Pacheco, who was also responsible for the major altarpiece of Porto Cathedral. The altarpiece incorporates a Holy Mary statue from the 14th century and was carved amongst 1729 and 1733 by Francisco Machado. The choir stalls have been created by Gaspar Ferreira immediately after 1733.
To the Southside of the cathedral there is a two-storey cloister originally built in the Center Ages but considerably modified in the 16th-17th generations. The ground flooring is a usual Italian Renaissance perform, constructed about 1539 by Francisco Cremona. The higher storey is a Mannerist gallery of the 17th century. The cloisters incorporate some Gothic chapels.
Resource: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viseu_Cathedral
Posted by pedrosimoes7 on 2020-05-08 17:04:37
Tagged: , Viseu Cathedral , Cathedral , Church , Catedral , Igreja , Arquitectura , Arquitectura Portuguesa , Architecture , Portuguese Architecture , Faith , Catholic Religion , Religião , Romantic Style , Beira Alta Area , Viseu , Portugal
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