France - Paris - St Gervais et St Protais

Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais

Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais is a Roman Catholic parish church located in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, on Spot Saint-Gervais in the Marais district, east of Town Corridor (Hôtel de Ville). The latest church was developed involving 1494 and 1657, on the web page of two earlier churches the facade, finished previous, was the first example of the French baroque model in Paris. The organists of the church involved Louis Couperin and his nephew François Couperin, two of the most celebrated composers and musicians of the Baroque period the organ they applied can even now be observed right now. The church includes remarkable examples of medieval carved choir stalls, stained glass from the 16th century, 17th century sculpture, and present day stained glass by Sylvie Gaudin and Claude Courageux. Saint-Gervais was a parish church right until 1975, when it became the headquarters of the Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem.

Heritage

A church dedicated to Saints Gervasius and Protasius, two Christian martyrs from Milan, is recorded as present on the web site in the 7th century, making it 1 of the to start with parish church buildings on the right lender in Paris. It was attended largely by boatmen and fishermen, simply because it was close to the river port at the Put de Grève. It was crafted on a slight hill, the Monceau Saint-Gervais, to be safe and sound from the floods of the Seine. Right after the completion of the wall of Philippe-Auguste, created in between 1190 and 1209, the community was safeguarded against assault and the populace began to increase. The church had occur less than the sponsorship of many of the essential confreries or guilds of Paris, including the wine-retailers. With their financial support, a larger church was created on the web-site in the early 13th century. .[1]

Design of the current church began in 1494, but was delayed by the Wars of religion and by a scarcity of money. It was begun in the Gothic model the chapels of the apse were finished in 1530 and the transept in 1578.[2] When the interior of the church was mainly Gothic, the facade was built in an primary new design, the French Baroque, on a plan by architect Salomon de Brosse (1571–1626). The very first stone of the facade was placed by the youthful King Louis XIII in 1616. Involving 1600 and 1628, a 2nd row of chapels was crafted on the north facet which includes the golden chapel ornamented with painted woodwork.[3]

For the duration of the 17th and 18th century the church was attended by a lot of members of the aristocratic family members who lived in the Marais, like Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, and the Chancellor of Louis XIV, Michel Le Tellier, whose funeral monument is observed in the church.

Beginning in 1653, the church used and sheltered the Couperin loved ones, one of the most well-known dynasties of French musicians, for extra than two generations. On 1 aspect of the church, the property of the celebrated harpsichordists, organists, and composers still stands, with a plaque commemorating the Couperins’ tenure. The organ utilised by Louis and François Couperin even now exists right now inside the church it was created by the most popular organ builders of the time, François-Henri Clicquot, Louis-Alexandre Clicquot, and Robert Clicquot.

In the 18th century, the facade of the church was greatly admired, nevertheless it was nearly blocked from perspective by a row of properties. Voltaire wrote, “It is a masterpiece which is missing absolutely nothing except a area from which to see it.” The properties blocking the view were being ultimately demolished in 1854, opening up the see of the facade. .[4]

In the course of the French Revolution, the church was emptied of quite a few of its treasures and turned into a Temple of Explanation and Youth, prior to staying returned to the Church in 1802.

On 29 March 1918, a German shell, fired by the extensive-array “Paris Gun”, fell on the church, killing 91 people today and wounding 68 many others the explosion collapsed the roof when a Good Friday company was in development. This was the worst one incident involving a reduction of civilian lives during the German bombardment of Paris in 1918.[5] Among the all those killed was Rose-Marie Ormond Andre-Michel, the niece and a favourite design of John Singer Sargent.[6]

In 1975 the church grew to become the headquarters of the Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem, established in that exact 12 months by Père Pierre-Marie Delfieu with the authorisation of the then Archbishop of Paris, François Marty. The get is devoted to carrying on monastic lifestyle in an city context most of its users get the job done aspect-time in civil occupations. The church is identified for its unique and ecumenical liturgy for illustration, adopting Lutheran hymn tunes and Orthodox troparia. The buy has launched numerous other communities in France, at Mont St. Michel, Vezelay, and Magdala Sologne and in other places in Europe, in Florence, Brussels, Cologne, Warsaw, and Montreal.

Five new stained glass home windows by Sylvie Gaudin have been included to the southwest chevet of the church in 1993–95. A different collection of six home windows by Claude Courageux was added in the early 2000s in the higher amount of the church, in the south nave, the transept and the choir, changing all those ruined more than the generations.[7]

Facade

The facade of the church was begun in 1616, well right after the nave of the church, with the cornerstone laid by Louis XIII. The style and design was by Salomon de Brosse (1571–1626), whose other main Paris work was the Luxembourg Palace. Though the nave of the church was late or flamboyant gothic, the facade launched an totally new classical style, which opened the way for the French Baroque. The facade placed the 3 classical orders of architecture one atop the other. The ground floor showcased 3 bays with pairs of columns with capitals of the simplest Doric order, with a classical pediment. Higher than this is a degree of a few bays with columns of the ionic purchase, and above that is a one bay with paired columns of the Corinthian order, holding up a curved pediment. In order to attach the new facade to the gothic portion of the church, de Brosse created a traverse and two semicircular chapels on either facet of the facade. The facade served as model for other churches in France and Europe, most notably the church of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis, the church of the Jesuits, not far away in the Marais, which was the very first church in Paris created solely in the new design and style. [8]

Due to the fact the Center Ages, an elm tree has been planted in front of the church it served as a assembly position, and a position the place disputes ended up at times settled by judges. The trees ended up replanted routinely more than the generations. Carvings of the trees from earlier centuries are observed on the walls of some of the neighboring structures.

Nave

The nave of the church (1600–1620) is noteworthy for its extraordinary top and the simplicity and purity of its traces. Though the reduced degree of the nave is late gothic, the higher level of the nave displays the affect of the Renaissance, with big semi-circular arches containing a series of significant stained glass home windows, filling the church with gentle. The upper windows are 21st-century, by Claude Courageux, illustrating the tale of Adam and Eve, Noah’s ark, and the patriarchs and their spouses. The ceiling of the nave, the place the arches of the walls appear alongside one another in an elaborate embroidery, symbolizes the vaults of heaven.

Choir stalls

The wooden choir stalls (16th–17th century), from the reigns of François I and Henri II, are richly carved with scenes of day by day everyday living, the various professions, and grotesque animals. Out of sight from those people attending mass, they ended up built as a place exactly where the Canons of the church could chill out in the course of the company. Some of the figures had been far too intimate for more puritanical afterwards generations, and experienced to be censored, like a carved picture of a man and girl bathing alongside one another.[8]

Chapel of the Virgin

The chapel of the Virgin, at the back of the church, has a dramatic late gothic vaulted ceiling, featuring a hanging crown of stone 2.5 meters in diameter, and summary types resembling flames. The room is generally used for silent meditation by church visitors. The chapel has some of the oldest stained glass home windows in the flamboyant gothic fashion, designed by Jean Chastellain in 1517, illustrating the everyday living of the Virgin Mary. [8] A different exceptional window by Chastellain, “The Judgement of Solomon”, designed in 1533 in the vibrant Renaissance type, is found in a aspect chapel.

Portray and sculpture

The church includes a range of noteworthy functions of artwork.

– A painting by the Venetian artist Sebastiano Ricci (1659–1734), Saint Gregory the Excellent and Saint Very important intercede for the souls in Pugatory, found in the Chapel of Saint Philomene. This was brought from Venice to Paris by Napoleon after his Italian marketing campaign.

– The paintings The Beheading of John the Baptist and The Adoration of the Magi by Claude Vignon (1593–1670), found in the Chapel of the Virgin.

– A statue of Christ carved in oak by Antoine-Augustin Préault (1809-1879) in the Chapel of the Virgin.

– Statues from the funeral monument of Michel Tellier (1603–1685) the Chancellor of Louis XIV, by Pierre Mazeline (1632–1685) and Simon Hurtelle (1648–1724). The figures include things like the Chancellor, in prayer a weeping ‘genie’ praying at his toes and two draped figures symbolizing Faith and Religion. Two other figures from the team, Justice and Prudence, are discovered in the Louvre.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St-Gervais-et-St-Protais

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St Gervais et St Protais has 21 mid 16th century misericords and 21 early 17th century misericords.

A lot more details can be discovered in this article:-

www.misericords.co.uk/stgervaisandstprotais.html

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Saint Gervais Saint Protais Church – Paris

A church dedicated to the twin martyrs Gervais and Protais

Saint Gervais Saint Protais Church is located on the japanese aspect of the Hôtel-de-Ville.

It stands on a hillock identified as Monceau Saint-Gervais and changed the Chapelle Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais.

This chapel served the fishing village that produced on the tiny mound for the duration of the 5th century. This local community was a person of the couple on the Rive Droite, which then was a wide marsh today recognised as Marais.

The chapel was focused to the twin Roman officers who were martyred below the reign of Nero (1st century Advertisement).

Location Saint-Gervais, the church square was originally termed Carrefour de l’Orme. It was named following the substantial elm that marked its centre and was felled at the French Revolution.

It was enlarged and renamed during Haussmann’s renovation of Paris of the mid 19th century.

The cemetery was decommissioned in 1765 to give way to Position Baudoyer, the square that serves the town corridor of the 4th district.

Sarcophagi and burial artifacts courting back again to the 1st century Ad had been found out during construction performs.

Saint Gervais Saint Protais Church ,is a good illustration of French architecture.

The Hôtel-de-Ville district produced in the 13th century and gave rise to a flourishing group. The minor Saint Gervais Saint Protais Chapel turned out of date, a bigger church was much required!

On the other hand, the building of the new church dragged on from 1494 to 1660 thanks to the deficiency of cash.

Astonishingly, this gradual development turned Saint Gervais Saint Protais Church into a ideal illustration of the evolution of French architecture.

Salomon de Brosse developed the French Baroque (Jesuit Model) facade with the 3 classical orders, the 1st of its model in Paris.

The 25m large Gothic Flamboyant nave and the 16th and 17th century stained glass home windows are equally impressive.

Francois-Henri Clicquot crafted the organ in 1601. The wind-chests, reeds and two-thirds of its stops are first and change the instrument into 1 of the oldest organs in Paris.

The composer François Couperin is between the prestigious organists who played in Saint Gervais Saint Protais Church, which is to this day a key centre of Sacred Songs.

The church has two other, but more compact, organs which are located in the side chapels

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